@article {96,
	title = {An examination of exposure control and content balancing restrictions on item selection in CATs using the partial credit model},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Measurement},
	volume = {4},
	number = {1},
	year = {2003},
	note = {1529-7713Journal Article},
	pages = {24-42},
	abstract = {The purpose of the present investigation was to systematically examine the effectiveness of the Sympson-Hetter technique and rotated content balancing relative to no exposure control and no content rotation conditions in a computerized adaptive testing system (CAT) based on the partial credit model. A series of simulated fixed and variable length CATs were run using two data sets generated to multiple content areas for three sizes of item pools. The 2 (exposure control) X 2 (content rotation) X 2 (test length) X 3 (item pool size) X 2 (data sets) yielded a total of 48 conditions. Results show that while both procedures can be used with no deleterious effect on measurement precision, the gains in exposure control, pool utilization, and item overlap appear quite modest. Difficulties involved with setting the exposure control parameters in small item pools make questionable the utility of the Sympson-Hetter technique with similar item pools.},
	keywords = {*Computers, *Educational Measurement, *Models, Theoretical, Automation, Decision Making, Humans, Reproducibility of Results},
	author = {Davis, L. L. and Pastor, D. A. and Dodd, B. G. and Chiang, C. and Fitzpatrick, S. J.}
}
@article {94,
	title = {Item exposure constraints for testlets in the verbal reasoning section of the MCAT},
	journal = {Applied Psychological Measurement},
	volume = {27},
	number = {5},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {335-356},
	abstract = {The current study examined item exposure control procedures for testlet scored reading passages in the Verbal Reasoning section of the Medical College Admission Test with four computerized adaptive testing (CAT) systems using the partial credit model. The first system used a traditional CAT using maximum information item selection. The second used random item selection to provide a baseline for optimal exposure rates. The third used a variation of Lunz and Stahl{\textquoteright}s randomization procedure. The fourth used Luecht and Nungester{\textquoteright}s computerized adaptive sequential testing (CAST) system. A series of simulated fixed-length CATs was run to determine the optimal item length selection procedure. Results indicated that both the randomization procedure and CAST performed well in terms of exposure control and measurement precision, with the CAST system providing the best overall solution when all variables were taken into consideration. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2005 APA ) (journal abstract)},
	keywords = {Adaptive Testing, Computer Assisted Testing, Entrance Examinations, Item Response Theory, Random Sampling, Reasoning, Verbal Ability computerized adaptive testing},
	author = {Davis, L. L. and Dodd, B. G.}
}
@article {308,
	title = {A comparison of item selection techniques and exposure control mechanisms in CATs using the generalized partial credit model},
	journal = {Applied Psychological Measurement},
	volume = {26},
	number = {2},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {147-163},
	abstract = {The use of more performance items in large-scale testing has led to an increase in the research investigating the use of polytomously scored items in computer adaptive testing (CAT). Because this research has to be complemented with information pertaining to exposure control, the present research investigated the impact of using five different exposure control algorithms in two sized item pools calibrated using the generalized partial credit model. The results of the simulation study indicated that the a-stratified design, in comparison to a no-exposure control condition, could be used to reduce item exposure and overlap, increase pool utilization, and only minorly degrade measurement precision. Use of the more restrictive exposure control algorithms, such as the Sympson-Hetter and conditional Sympson-Hetter, controlled exposure to a greater extent but at the cost of measurement precision. Because convergence of the exposure control parameters was problematic for some of the more restrictive exposure control algorithms, use of the more simplistic exposure control mechanisms, particularly when the test length to item pool size ratio is large, is recommended. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2005 APA ) (journal abstract)},
	keywords = {(Statistical), Adaptive Testing, Algorithms computerized adaptive testing, Computer Assisted Testing, Item Analysis, Item Response Theory, Mathematical Modeling},
	author = {Pastor, D. A. and Dodd, B. G. and Chang, Hua-Hua}
}
